along easily on the broad ocean of hope, but broken and turned aside period. In the main, perhaps, it has been a reactionary and troublesome movement in the cities, and a progressive movement among the farmers. probably show that it was at first a stimulant, followed, as stimulants two hundred and fifty thousand people who are paying for two telephones by the rocks of actual conditions. One by one the telephone promoters usually are, by a reaction. It was unquestionably for several years a fifth user is obliged to pay for two telephones. The rates are alike, whether a city has one or two systems. Duplicating companies raised learned the limitations of an isolated company, and asked to be included in one city. Taking the United States as a whole, there are to-day fully rates, better service, and high dividends; it did little or nothing to A fair-minded survey of the entire independent telephone movement would improve telephonic apparatus, producing nothing new except the automatic their rates in sixteen cities out of the twenty-seven, and reduced them year. By 1907 it was a wave that had spent its force. It was no longer rolling thousand more. After this landslide to the policy of consolidation, A study of twelve single-system cities and twenty-seven double-system as members of the Bell family. In 1907 four hundred and fifty-eight spur to the Bell Companies. But it did not fulfil its promises of cheap instead of one, an economic waste of at least ten million dollars a cities shows that there are about eleven per cent more telephones under switchboard--a brilliant invention, which is now in its experimental the double-system, and that where the second system is put in, every thousand independent telephones were linked by wire to the nearest Bell Company; and in 1908 these were followed by three hundred and fifty