he might as well expect to lease jew's-harps as telephones. Finally, he public enemy, when he set out to establish the first telephone service. Convention was held at Niagara Falls, one of the delegates expressed the or be driven out. When he asked capitalists for money, they replied that In the effort to conciliate a hostile public, the telephone rates had power, the lives of the telephone pioneers were packed with hardships subscribers. In Boston, the first pay-station ran three months before it received an order from Colonel Thomas Scott, who wanted a wire between No official would grant him a permit to string wires. His workmen were sufficient price, nine-tenths of the merchants refused to become of enthusiastic uncertainty. We were full of hope, yet when we analyzed named Thomas E. Cornish was attacked as though he had suddenly become a company that could say it was making a cent, nor even that it EXPECTED a year, for the use of two telephones on a private line; and when those hopes they were very airy indeed. There was probably not one earned a dollar. Even as late as 1880, when the first National Telephone some bulletin of discouragement or defeat. to make a cent." exchanges were started, the rate was seldom more than three dollars was compelled to resort to strategy where argument had failed. He had arrested. The printing-telegraph men warned him that he must either quit Especially in the largest cities, where the Western Union had most a month. There were deadheads in abundance, mostly officials and politicians. In St. Louis, one of the few cities that charged a everywhere been made too low. Hubbard had set a price of twenty dollars and adventures. In Philadelphia, for instance, a resolute young man general situation very correctly when he said: "We were all in a state